Black rice, a one-year-old herbaceous plant of the Poaceae family and the Oryza genus, has a long history of cultivation in China and is an ancient and valuable variety of rice. Known for its nutritional richness and health benefits, black rice contains higher amounts of trace elements such as manganese, zinc, and copper compared to white rice. It also includes vitamins like vitamin C, anthocyanins, and carotenoids, making it more nutritious than regular rice.

Prickly pear cactus, a plant of the Opuntia genus, is native to Mexico and is now cultivated in regions of China such as Yunnan, Guangdong, Fujian, and Taiwan, as well as in other tropical and subtropical areas around the world. It is rich in carbohydrates, dietary fiber, vitamins, and minerals, offering a variety of health benefits.